PWM Duty Cycle & Average Voltage Calculator
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PWM Duty Cycle & Average Voltage Calculator
Convert between duty cycle and average (DC-equivalent) voltage for a PWM signal
Mode
Result
Average (DC-equivalent) Voltage
—
Period
—
Time High
—
Time Low
—
Waveform
Formula: Vavg = Vlow + (duty% ÷ 100)×(Vhigh − Vlow) — the effective DC value a
low-pass filter (or a slow-responding load like an LED's perceived brightness or a motor's average speed) would see.
Reverse: duty% = (Vavg − Vlow) ÷ (Vhigh − Vlow) × 100. Period T = 1/f; time high = T×duty%,
time low = T − time high.
